CORTESÍA INTERNACIONAL: POLÉMICA EN LAS REDES SOCIALES POR LAS BANDERAS ESTADOUNIDENSES EN EDIFICIOS PÚBLICOS

28 julio, 2017 168 comentarios

(El siguiente artículo fue publicado originalmente en el portal web de «Políticas y Públicas», el día 24/3/2017, durante la visita del presidente Barak Obama, a raíz de la polémica originada por la presencia de la bandera estadounidense en edificios públicos argentinos)

CORTESÍA INTERNACIONAL: POLÉMICA EN LAS REDES SOCIALES POR LAS BANDERAS ESTADOUNIDENSES EN EDIFICIOS PÚBLICOS

La cortesía es un instituto fundamental a la hora de analizar la evolución del derecho internacional, tanto público como privado. Ha permitido mejorar las relaciones diplomáticas y comerciales entre naciones del mundo, y su base fundamental es la reciprocidad.

Al hacer una rápida búsqueda en mi biblioteca pude verificar que diferentes autores de doctrina jurídica han mencionado este instituto. Solo a modo de ejemplo podría mencionar a Savigny, Feldstein de Cárdenas, Barboza y Wiemberg, entre muchos otros. Todos coinciden en la importancia que reviste esta práctica.

Algunas definiciones

A modo de ejemplo procedo citar algunas:

«La cortesía internacional hace referencia a la aplicación de las reglas de decoro en el trato externo de los sujetos de derecho internacional (Estados, Organismos y demás sujetos de derecho internacional como la Santa Sede, Orden de Malta, etc), se basa en la reciprocidad que se estila en las relaciones entre Estados. La cortesía internacional acoge principios adoptados por la diplomacia en el uso de las buenas costumbres, la solidaridad, el respeto, la prudencia. Su uso demuestra afecto entre los Estados y mantiene la cordialidad en la comunidad internacional. «

«La cortesía internacional o comitas gentium plantea el doble problema de su valor o función y de su contenido. Las normas de cortesía internacional, para unos, realizan una función de «suavizar» las relaciones internacionales y, para otros, una función mucho más amplia en cuanto consideran que todo el Derecho Internacional o la mayor parte de él, está constituido, en realidad, por estos usos sociales. Lo que por otro lado resulta imposible prácticamente es precisar el catálogo de los actos internacionales de cortesía y determinar su exacto contenido.»

«El reconocimiento que una nación permite, dentro de su territorio, los actos judiciales ejecutivos, legislativos de otra nación, habiendo tenido en cuenta ambos los deberes y las conveniencias internacionales «

Momento de reflexión

La razón por la cual hago esta mínima apreciación académica es que entre ayer y hoy hemos sido testigos de una verdadera viralización de mensajes negativos en las redes sociales ante la aparición de banderas estadounidenses, flameando junto a banderas argentinas, en los inmuebles estatales que visitará el presidente Obama. Este protocolo no es una novedad, ya que durante las visitas de otros presidentes hemos visto, en igualdad de condiciones, las banderas de Venezuela, Paraguay, China, Francia y Rusia, entre muchas otras.

Le recomendaría a mis conciudadanos hacer una reflexión al respecto. En primer lugar porque, desempolvando un viejo dicho popular, «lo cortés no quita lo valiente». Y en segundo lugar, porque cuando uno tiene un invitado en su casa suele tratarlo del mismo modo que nos gustaría ser tratados, mucho más si queremos llegar a un acuerdo amistoso con nuestros semejantes, ya que es harto sabido que es más fácil llegar a un buen acuerdo en un ambiente amable y distendido. No me parece justo comparar el respeto por las costumbres internacionales en materia de protocolo y hospedaje con la sumisión de la patria, ya que son actitudes que nada tienen que ver entre sí.

En las próximas horas los presidentes de EEUU y Argentina podrían estar acordando la pronta publicidad de archivos respecto al actuar del gobierno de facto de 1976, junto con algunos acuerdos eventuales de comercio internacional, entre ellos la quita de impuestos a productos agropecuarios de origen tucumano. Estas medidas significan un avance en materia de derechos humanos, empleo y oportunidades mercantiles, abriendo la puerta del necesario fin de las relaciones adolescentes entre los dos estados soberanos.

Comentarios

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